The Overview
Health inequality refers to the avoidable and unfair differences in health outcomes, access to healthcare, and wider determinants of health between different groups or areas.
I brought together demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, environmental and healthcare-access indicators to investigate how health outcomes vary between areas and how wider determinants may contribute to these differences.
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The Challenge
Health outcomes are shaped by many connected factors, but the relevant data is often stored across different sources and geographical levels.
The challenge was to combine these datasets into one consistent view and use them to better understand differences between local authorities.
Data and Methodology
I brought together public datasets covering life expectancy, deprivation, ethnicity, healthcare access, vaccination uptake, GP populations and environmental conditions.
The data was cleaned, standardised and joined at local-authority level before being explored through statistical analysis and interactive visualisations.
Findings
Deprivation showed the clearest relationship with life expectancy, with more deprived areas generally experiencing poorer outcomes.
However, healthcare access and other local indicators did not follow one simple pattern, suggesting that health inequality is influenced by several overlapping factors.
Conclusion
The project showed that health inequality cannot be explained by one measure alone.
Deprivation was a major factor, but demographic, healthcare and environmental conditions also helped provide a fuller picture of why outcomes differ between areas.